川东长兴组台缘礁滩相储层纵向非均质性特征及形成机制——以川东宣汉盘龙洞长兴组剖面为例     

秦鹏  胡忠贵  吴嗣跃  左洺滔  韩露 《岩石矿物学杂志》2018,37(1):61-74

近几年,随着四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩储层勘探的不断加强,碳酸盐岩储层强的非均质性已成为制约礁滩气藏勘探开发的现实问题。以川东宣汉盘龙洞长兴组典型台缘礁滩剖面为研究对象,通过对典型台缘礁滩野外剖面的精细观察,结合镜下薄片及岩矿资料分析,重点探讨了盘龙洞礁滩储层纵向非均质性特征及成因。剖面上礁滩体垂向上存在很强的旋回性和储层非均质性,其储集岩分布、储层厚度、白云岩化程度、溶蚀作用等受海平面周期性的升降变化影响而呈现周期性变化。礁滩储层非均质性受高能相带、海平面升降变化和建设性成岩作用的共同控制,高能相带控制储层原生孔隙的发育,决定了储层的沉积非均质性,白云岩化和溶蚀作用有利于礁滩体储层的形成,大气淡水淋滤改造对于优化储层具有关键作用,海平面升降变化决定了礁滩体旋回性发育,而建设性成岩作用的选择性改造深化了储层非均质性。  相似文献   

Geology of the Yap Trench: new observations from a transect near 10°N from manned submersible Jiaolong     

Yaomin Yang  Jinwei Gao  Liyan Tian  Jichao Yang  Yue Xu 《International Geology Review》2018,60(16):1941-1953

This paper describes the petrology and geochemistry of rocks from the Yap Trench acquired by three dives of the Jiaolong research submarine. Combining the geophysical data and submersible observations, this paper describes the geomorphology, shallow structures, and sedimentology of the Yap Trench and further discusses the tectonics and activities of this region. Two obvious slope breaks are found on the landward slope, and horsts and grabens with small fault offsets are observed in the ocean-ward slope of the trench. Peridotites sampled from the Yap Trench inner wall are highly depleted subduction-related mantle residues. Volcanic rocks in the northern segment of the trench have subduction-related characteristics that Yap fore-arc rocks underwent metasomatism during Cenozoic subduction. The rocks with remarkable lithologic difference from lithospheric mantle and upper crust sampled in the break slopes suggest that the slope break area may represent a lithologic boundary or transition zone. The landward slope of the Yap Trench was removed by subduction erosion as a result of collision with the Caroline Ridge. The bending of the down-going plate caused normal faults, horsts, and grabens with little or no sediments indicating that the Caroline Ridge is subducting beneath the Yap arc along the trench even though the convergence rate is very slow.  相似文献   

开封断裂第四纪活动特征     

孙杰  张予川  徐婉君  李涛  张扬 《震灾防御技术》2022,17(2):234-241

开封断裂是郑州-开封断裂带的重要组成部分,也是黄河中下游平原的一条重要控制性断裂。利用浅层地震勘探发现,开封断裂为总体走向EW,倾向N的正断层;断裂分为东、西2支,断裂活动性具有明显的分段特征,东支活动性较西支强。钻孔联合剖面揭示开封断裂东支断裂上断点埋深27～35 m,根据地层年代学结果,其最新活动时间为晚更新世。研究成果为开封市城乡规划、重大工程选址和地震区划工作提供了重要的基础数据。  相似文献   

东北黑土区黑土层厚度的时空变化     

刘凯  魏明辉  戴慧敏  刘国栋  贾树海  宋运红  梁帅 《地质与资源》2022,31(3):434

黑土层厚度是评价东北黑土区土壤质量的重要参数,但其厚度的空间分布及多年变化情况仍然不够明确.针对东北黑土区第二次土壤普查的61处典型土壤剖面进行了现状实地调查,并对黑土层厚度变化进行了对比分析.结果表明:近40年来,东北黑土区黑土层厚度平均减少了12cm,平均减薄速度为0.32cm/a.四省(区)黑土层减薄厚度具有显著差异,表现为吉林(23.65cm)>辽宁(11.83cm)>内蒙古(10.33cm)>黑龙江(6.83cm).吉林省黑土层减薄厚度和比例最大,生态风险最为严峻.吉林省黑土层厚度变化值与气温升高值呈显著的负相关关系,表明随着气候变暖,土壤有机质下降明显,黑土层的厚度也呈减薄趋势.研究表明,水蚀作用也是黑土层厚度减薄的重要影响因素.未来应加强黑土层厚度判定和黑土层厚度空间制图等方面研究,对指导黑土地保护利用具有重要意义.  相似文献   

渭河流域典型黄土剖面的环境磁学特征及其古气候意义     

贾佳  夏敦胜  金明  王训明  魏海涛  刘现斌 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2012,32(6)

对黄土高原南部耀县全新世黄土地层的形成及保存环境进行了研究. 结果表明: 地层中磁性矿物主要为软磁性矿物, 硬磁性矿物对地层的磁学性质贡献小; 随着成壤强度的增加, 硬磁性矿物的相对含量在减少. 本区全新世地层的形成和保存环境为氧化环境, 适宜用磁学手段反演全新世古气候. 对磁化率和频率磁化率、无磁滞剩磁磁化率的对比分析, 可以看出: 成壤强度较低时, 细粒磁性矿物相对于磁性矿物总量的增加速率相对较快; 成壤强度较高时, 细粒磁性矿物的相对含量会达到或趋近饱和, 相对于磁性矿物总量的增加速率相对较慢. 研究表明, 在黄土地层中, χfd%和χARM/χ等指示细粒磁性矿物的磁学参数可以显示更细微的气候变化; 在古土壤中, χlf的气候指示意义相对更好.  相似文献   

滇西兰坪盆地五茂林剖面下白垩统景星组沉积相   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴根耀  矢野孝雄  谭明清 《古地理学报》2004,6(3):380-384

实测了云南西部兰坪盆地东部下白垩统下部景星组的五茂林剖面,建立了曲流河、三角洲和湖泊3种沉积序列,其中三角洲序列在云南下白垩统中属首次建立。分析了粗碎屑岩的组成,将该剖面上出露的砾岩分成4类。早白垩世时兰坪盆地属丹那沙林-高黎贡弧的弧后盆地,景星组自下而上为曲流河沉积、三角洲沉积和湖泊沉积,且随湖侵发生,湖泊向西扩大。  相似文献   

Regional hydrologic mapping of flows in stream networks     

Bahram Saghafian   《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009,11(5):317-323

River low flow (LF) is an important hydrological characteristic used in management of the quantity and quality of water resources. A common way to transpose at-station low flow quantiles to ungaged locations involves development of regional multivariate regression models. In site selection studies of water control facilities, need arises to automate the mapping of LF characteristics onto the stream network in a continuous manner. This would allow estimation of LF at any desired ungaged location. A mapping algorithm is introduced that determines the value of regression model's independent variables (input components) over the drainage area of each stream pixel and calculates the flow (output). The mapping algorithm relies mainly on the digital elevation model (DEM) and its derivatives, such as flow direction and flow accumulation. Furthermore, the contribution of each independent variable of the regional model to the total flow may be plotted to represent the flow profiles along the streams. A case study involving LF mapping in rivers of Gilan province, Iran, where LF quantiles are required for issuing water withdrawal permits as well as maintaining water quality standards, is also described in the paper. Overall, the maps and profiles of flow statistics in the region of interest provide convenient visualization and assessment tools for water resource and environmental engineers. The transposition algorithm may also be applied in regional mapping of other flow characteristics such as flood or average flows.  相似文献   

基于组件技术的地质剖面图自动绘制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张渭军 《海洋测绘》2008,28(4):63-65

绘制地质剖面图是地质工作中的一项重要内容，研究了钻孔属性数据库的特点，利用Surfer绘制钻孔每一层等值线的基础上并在VisualBasic环境下，通过对GeoMap控件的二次开发，而在GeoMap控件中绘制任意两点的断面图，结合钻孔的层编号绘制出每一层断面的封闭区域，最后对该封闭区域进行填充，结果表明该方法是一种实用、高效的绘制方法。  相似文献   

浅地层剖面交互拾取解释技术研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

丁维凤  罗进华  来向华  苟铮慷  傅晓明 《海洋科学》2008,32(9):1-6

浅地层剖面探测在海洋学研究与海洋工程调查中使用愈来愈频繁，剖面资料的解释工作变得越来越繁重。因浅地层剖面实际解释工作的需要，结合浅地层剖面资料的特点，研究并实现了剖面反射层位的自动拾取、利用Event号交互拾取特征点、等Ping间隔拾取、求取海底下反射层位厚度等解释功能，这些解释功能的实现加快了剖面解释工作的进度，提高了解释结果的精度，并在实际浅地层剖面资料解释工作中取得了良好的应用效果。  相似文献   

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许正文  姚连璧 《大地测量与地球动力学》2008,28(1):77-80

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